加州 · 戴維斯-斯特林法
有人噴藥之前的48小時。
只有一條，而且只在一種情況下適用：業主協會（HOA）或其代理人在沒有持照有害生物防治人員的情況下施用農藥。此時協會必須發出書面通知，用日常用語寫成，並包含一段由州議會完整寫出的文字。
條文 民法典 § 4777
相關法案 AB 1516 (2018)
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條文核實 2026-11-03
本條在什麼情況下適用
民法典 § 4777(b)(1)以農藥是在沒有持照有害生物防治人員的情況下施用為前提——(a)(5)將持照有害生物防治人員定義為任何獲州政府許可施用農藥的人。聘請持照人員施用，本條規定的義務就不會產生；讓園丁或維修人員施用，義務就會產生。
“協會”包括授權代理人——(a)(2)：任何同意代表協會行事的個人、組織或實體。物業管理公司也在此列。
§ 4777(a)(7)對“農藥”的定義很寬泛——任何用於控制、消滅、驅除或減輕有害生物的物質——只排除聯邦法律所定義的抗微生物農藥。有害生物是指造成財產損害或經濟損失，或傳播、引發疾病的活體生物。
必須通知誰
始終須通知受影響的獨立產權單位的業主，以及租戶（如適用）。如果作業屬於大面積撒施——(a)(3)將其定義為在大於兩平方英尺的面積上散佈農藥——或使用全釋放型煙霧劑或氣霧噴劑，通知範圍就擴大到有合理可能受到影響的相鄰獨立產權單位的業主和租戶。
§ 4777(a)(1)對“相鄰”的定義很嚴格：直接位於獨立產權單位或公共區域的旁邊、上方或下方。不是整棟樓，而是共用牆壁、地板或天花板的鄰居。
通知必須寫明什麼
依照§ 4777(b)(1)，用具有通常和日常含義的文字寫明：
- 要防治的有害生物。
- 擬使用的農藥產品的名稱和品牌。
- 法定警示段落，在(C)目中逐字列出——其中寫明加州農藥管理廳（Department of Pesticide Regulation）、美國環境保護局（US EPA）、24小時症狀觀察期、加州毒物控制系統（California Poison Control System）的電話號碼，以及可以向何處諮詢健康和監管問題。
- 施用的大致日期、時間和頻率。
- 以下這句話："The approximate date, time, and frequency of this pesticide application is
subject to change."（本次農藥施用的大致日期、時間和頻率可能會有變動。）
兩個時限，其中一個倒過來算
對獨立產權單位——§ 4777(b)(2)：至少提前48小時向業主和租戶，以及任何必須通知的相鄰業主和租戶，發出個別通知。
對公共區域——§ 4777(b)(3)(A)：至少提前48小時，如可行，在該區域內或周圍顯眼處張貼通知；否則須向相鄰獨立產權單位的業主和租戶發出個別通知。而(B)是反方向的例外：如果有害生物對健康和安全構成即時威脅，通知須在可行的情況下儘快張貼——但不得晚於施用農藥後一小時。
如何通知租戶，以及如何放棄等待期
§ 4777(b)(4)規定了通知租戶的三種方式：一類郵件（first-class mail）、親自送交年滿18歲的租戶，或在租戶提供了電子郵件地址時進行電子送達。任何一種都可以。
這48小時是屬於住戶的，因此住戶可以放棄。§ 4777(b)(5)(A)：收到書面通知後，業主或租戶可以書面同意——如果通知是以電子方式送達的，也可以電子方式同意——立即施用或在約定時間施用。
(B)目涵蓋請求在先的情形。如果住戶在48小時通知發出之前就要求立即施用，協會可以口頭同意——但這樣一來，協會必須不晚於施用之時，把書面通知留在該獨立產權單位內或其入口處的顯眼位置，即一個理性的人會發現的地方。任何同樣必須通知的相鄰業主或租戶，須在口頭同意後、在可行的情況下儘快收到通知，無論如何不得晚於施用開始之時。
最後還要附入會議紀要
§ 4777(b)(6)只有一行，很容易被忽略：書面通知的副本必須附在施用之後緊接著召開的那次董事會會議的會議紀要中。因此，這份通知不只是送達了事——它會成為會議紀要中的一份協會記錄，任何要求查閱的會員都可以看到。
民法典 § 4777 — 英文原文
Notice Before Applying Pesticide
Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 561, Sec. 19. (AB 1516) Effective January 1, 2018.
條文以英文呈現，因為法律以英文頒佈，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本頁的說明為中文；如與條文有出入，以條文為準。
(a)For the purposes of this section:
(a)(1)“Adjacent separate interest” means a separate interest that is directly beside, above, or below a particular separate interest or the common area.
(a)(2)“Authorized agent” means an individual, organization, or other entity that has entered into an agreement with the association to act on the association’s behalf.
(a)(3)“Broadcast application” means spreading pesticide over an area greater than two square feet.
(a)(4)“Electronic delivery” means delivery of a document by electronic means to the electronic address at, or through which, an owner of a separate interest has authorized electronic delivery.
(a)(5)“Licensed pest control operator” means anyone licensed by the state to apply pesticides.
(a)(6)“Pest” means a living organism that causes damage to property or economic loss, or transmits or produces diseases.
(a)(7)“Pesticide” means any substance, or mixture of substances, that is intended to be used for controlling, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or organism, excluding antimicrobial pesticides as defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. Sec. 136(mm)).
(b)(1)An association or its authorized agent that applies any pesticide to a separate interest or to the common area without a licensed pest control operator shall provide the owner and, if applicable, the tenant of an affected separate interest and, if making broadcast applications, or using total release foggers or aerosol sprays, the owner and, if applicable, the tenant in an adjacent separate interest that could reasonably be impacted by the pesticide use with written notice that contains the following statements and information using words with common and everyday meaning:
(b)(1)(B)The name and brand of the pesticide product proposed to be used.
(b)(1)(C)“State law requires that you be given the following information: CAUTION – PESTICIDES ARE TOXIC CHEMICALS. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and the United States Environmental Protection Agency allow the unlicensed use of certain pesticides based on existing scientific evidence that there are no appreciable risks if proper use conditions are followed or that the risks are outweighed by the benefits. The degree of risk depends upon the degree of exposure, so exposure should be minimized. If within 24 hours following application of a pesticide, a person experiences symptoms similar to common seasonal illness comparable to influenza, the person should contact a physician, appropriate licensed health care provider, or the California Poison Control System (1-800-222-1222). For further information, contact any of the following: for Health Questions – the County Health Department (telephone number) and for Regulatory Information – the Department of Pesticide Regulation (916-324-4100).”
(b)(1)(D)The approximate date, time, and frequency with which the pesticide will be applied.
(b)(1)(E)The following notification: “The approximate date, time, and frequency of this pesticide application is subject to change.”
(b)(2)At least 48 hours prior to application of the pesticide to a separate interest, the association or its authorized agent shall provide individual notice to the owner and, if applicable, the tenant of the separate interest and notice to an owner and, if applicable, the tenant occupying any adjacent separate interest that is required to be notified pursuant to paragraph (1).
(b)(3)(A)At least 48 hours prior to application of the pesticide to a common area, the association or its authorized agent shall, if practicable, post the written notice described in paragraph (1) in a conspicuous place in or around the common area in which the pesticide is to be applied. Otherwise, if not practicable, the association or its authorized agent shall provide individual notice to the owner and, if applicable, the tenant of the separate interest that is adjacent to the common area.
(b)(3)(B)If the pest poses an immediate threat to health and safety, thereby making compliance with notification prior to the pesticide application unreasonable, the association or its authorized agent shall post the written notice as soon as practicable, but not later than one hour after the pesticide is applied.
(b)(4)Notice to tenants of separate interests shall be provided, in at least one of the following ways:
(b)(4)(B)Personal delivery to a tenant 18 years of age or older.
(b)(4)(C)Electronic delivery, if an electronic mailing address has been provided by the tenant.
(b)(5)(A)Upon receipt of written notification, the owner of the separate interest or the tenant may agree in writing or, if notification was delivered electronically, the tenant may agree through electronic delivery, to allow the association or authorized agent to apply a pesticide immediately or at an agreed upon time.
(b)(5)(B)(i)Prior to receipt of written notification, the association or authorized agent may agree orally to an immediate pesticide application if the owner or, if applicable, the tenant requests that the pesticide be applied before the 48-hour notice of the pesticide product proposed to be used.
(b)(5)(B)(ii)With respect to an owner or, if applicable, a tenant entering into an oral agreement for immediate pesticide application, the association or authorized agent, no later than the time of pesticide application, shall leave the written notice specified in paragraph (1) in a conspicuous place in the separate interest or at the entrance of the separate interest in a manner in which a reasonable person would discover the notice.
(b)(5)(B)(iii)If any owner or, if applicable, any tenant of a separate interest or an owner or, if applicable, a tenant of an adjacent separate interest is also required to be notified pursuant to this subparagraph, the association or authorized agent shall provide that person with this notice as soon as practicable after the oral agreement is made authorizing immediate pesticide application, but in no case later than commencement of application of the pesticide.
(b)(6)A copy of a written notice provided pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be attached to the minutes of the board meeting immediately subsequent the application of the pesticide.
逐字轉載自加州立法顧問辦公室（Legislative Counsel）公佈的條文，並與第二個來源逐字核對（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律屬於政府法令，不受版權保護。本頁為非官方轉載——官方版本由立法顧問辦公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公佈，以該版本為準。
機器可讀：/data/4777.json——同一條文，附分項錨點、日期和來源。