加州 · 戴维斯-斯特林法
有人喷药之前的48小时。
只有一条，而且只在一种情况下适用：业主协会（HOA）或其代理人在没有持照有害生物防治人员的情况下施用农药。此时协会必须发出书面通知，用日常用语写成，并包含一段由州议会完整写出的文字。
条文 民法典 § 4777
相关法案 AB 1516 (2018)
收录条文 1
条文核实 2026-11-03
本条在什么情况下适用
民法典 § 4777(b)(1)以农药是在没有持照有害生物防治人员的情况下施用为前提——(a)(5)将持照有害生物防治人员定义为任何获州政府许可施用农药的人。聘请持照人员施用，本条规定的义务就不会产生；让园丁或维修人员施用，义务就会产生。
“协会”包括授权代理人——(a)(2)：任何同意代表协会行事的个人、组织或实体。物业管理公司也在此列。
§ 4777(a)(7)对“农药”的定义很宽泛——任何用于控制、消灭、驱除或减轻有害生物的物质——只排除联邦法律所定义的抗微生物农药。有害生物是指造成财产损害或经济损失，或传播、引发疾病的活体生物。
必须通知谁
始终须通知受影响的独立产权单位的业主，以及租户（如适用）。如果作业属于大面积撒施——(a)(3)将其定义为在大于两平方英尺的面积上散布农药——或使用全释放型烟雾剂或气雾喷剂，通知范围就扩大到有合理可能受到影响的相邻独立产权单位的业主和租户。
§ 4777(a)(1)对“相邻”的定义很严格：直接位于独立产权单位或公共区域的旁边、上方或下方。不是整栋楼，而是共用墙壁、地板或天花板的邻居。
通知必须写明什么
依照§ 4777(b)(1)，用具有通常和日常含义的文字写明：
- 要防治的有害生物。
- 拟使用的农药产品的名称和品牌。
- 法定警示段落，在(C)目中逐字列出——其中写明加州农药管理厅（Department of Pesticide Regulation）、美国环境保护局（US EPA）、24小时症状观察期、加州毒物控制系统（California Poison Control System）的电话号码，以及可以向何处咨询健康和监管问题。
- 施用的大致日期、时间和频率。
- 以下这句话："The approximate date, time, and frequency of this pesticide application is
subject to change."（本次农药施用的大致日期、时间和频率可能会有变动。）
两个时限，其中一个倒过来算
对独立产权单位——§ 4777(b)(2)：至少提前48小时向业主和租户，以及任何必须通知的相邻业主和租户，发出个别通知。
对公共区域——§ 4777(b)(3)(A)：至少提前48小时，如可行，在该区域内或周围显眼处张贴通知；否则须向相邻独立产权单位的业主和租户发出个别通知。而(B)是反方向的例外：如果有害生物对健康和安全构成即时威胁，通知须在可行的情况下尽快张贴——但不得晚于施用农药后一小时。
如何通知租户，以及如何放弃等待期
§ 4777(b)(4)规定了通知租户的三种方式：一类邮件（first-class mail）、亲自送交年满18岁的租户，或在租户提供了电子邮件地址时进行电子送达。任何一种都可以。
这48小时是属于住户的，因此住户可以放弃。§ 4777(b)(5)(A)：收到书面通知后，业主或租户可以书面同意——如果通知是以电子方式送达的，也可以电子方式同意——立即施用或在约定时间施用。
(B)目涵盖请求在先的情形。如果住户在48小时通知发出之前就要求立即施用，协会可以口头同意——但这样一来，协会必须不晚于施用之时，把书面通知留在该独立产权单位内或其入口处的显眼位置，即一个理性的人会发现的地方。任何同样必须通知的相邻业主或租户，须在口头同意后、在可行的情况下尽快收到通知，无论如何不得晚于施用开始之时。
最后还要附入会议纪要
§ 4777(b)(6)只有一行，很容易被忽略：书面通知的副本必须附在施用之后紧接着召开的那次董事会会议的会议纪要中。因此，这份通知不只是送达了事——它会成为会议纪要中的一份协会记录，任何要求查阅的会员都可以看到。
民法典 § 4777 — 英文原文
Notice Before Applying Pesticide
Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 561, Sec. 19. (AB 1516) Effective January 1, 2018.
条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。
(a)For the purposes of this section:
(a)(1)“Adjacent separate interest” means a separate interest that is directly beside, above, or below a particular separate interest or the common area.
(a)(2)“Authorized agent” means an individual, organization, or other entity that has entered into an agreement with the association to act on the association’s behalf.
(a)(3)“Broadcast application” means spreading pesticide over an area greater than two square feet.
(a)(4)“Electronic delivery” means delivery of a document by electronic means to the electronic address at, or through which, an owner of a separate interest has authorized electronic delivery.
(a)(5)“Licensed pest control operator” means anyone licensed by the state to apply pesticides.
(a)(6)“Pest” means a living organism that causes damage to property or economic loss, or transmits or produces diseases.
(a)(7)“Pesticide” means any substance, or mixture of substances, that is intended to be used for controlling, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest or organism, excluding antimicrobial pesticides as defined by the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (7 U.S.C. Sec. 136(mm)).
(b)(1)An association or its authorized agent that applies any pesticide to a separate interest or to the common area without a licensed pest control operator shall provide the owner and, if applicable, the tenant of an affected separate interest and, if making broadcast applications, or using total release foggers or aerosol sprays, the owner and, if applicable, the tenant in an adjacent separate interest that could reasonably be impacted by the pesticide use with written notice that contains the following statements and information using words with common and everyday meaning:
(b)(1)(B)The name and brand of the pesticide product proposed to be used.
(b)(1)(C)“State law requires that you be given the following information: CAUTION – PESTICIDES ARE TOXIC CHEMICALS. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and the United States Environmental Protection Agency allow the unlicensed use of certain pesticides based on existing scientific evidence that there are no appreciable risks if proper use conditions are followed or that the risks are outweighed by the benefits. The degree of risk depends upon the degree of exposure, so exposure should be minimized. If within 24 hours following application of a pesticide, a person experiences symptoms similar to common seasonal illness comparable to influenza, the person should contact a physician, appropriate licensed health care provider, or the California Poison Control System (1-800-222-1222). For further information, contact any of the following: for Health Questions – the County Health Department (telephone number) and for Regulatory Information – the Department of Pesticide Regulation (916-324-4100).”
(b)(1)(D)The approximate date, time, and frequency with which the pesticide will be applied.
(b)(1)(E)The following notification: “The approximate date, time, and frequency of this pesticide application is subject to change.”
(b)(2)At least 48 hours prior to application of the pesticide to a separate interest, the association or its authorized agent shall provide individual notice to the owner and, if applicable, the tenant of the separate interest and notice to an owner and, if applicable, the tenant occupying any adjacent separate interest that is required to be notified pursuant to paragraph (1).
(b)(3)(A)At least 48 hours prior to application of the pesticide to a common area, the association or its authorized agent shall, if practicable, post the written notice described in paragraph (1) in a conspicuous place in or around the common area in which the pesticide is to be applied. Otherwise, if not practicable, the association or its authorized agent shall provide individual notice to the owner and, if applicable, the tenant of the separate interest that is adjacent to the common area.
(b)(3)(B)If the pest poses an immediate threat to health and safety, thereby making compliance with notification prior to the pesticide application unreasonable, the association or its authorized agent shall post the written notice as soon as practicable, but not later than one hour after the pesticide is applied.
(b)(4)Notice to tenants of separate interests shall be provided, in at least one of the following ways:
(b)(4)(B)Personal delivery to a tenant 18 years of age or older.
(b)(4)(C)Electronic delivery, if an electronic mailing address has been provided by the tenant.
(b)(5)(A)Upon receipt of written notification, the owner of the separate interest or the tenant may agree in writing or, if notification was delivered electronically, the tenant may agree through electronic delivery, to allow the association or authorized agent to apply a pesticide immediately or at an agreed upon time.
(b)(5)(B)(i)Prior to receipt of written notification, the association or authorized agent may agree orally to an immediate pesticide application if the owner or, if applicable, the tenant requests that the pesticide be applied before the 48-hour notice of the pesticide product proposed to be used.
(b)(5)(B)(ii)With respect to an owner or, if applicable, a tenant entering into an oral agreement for immediate pesticide application, the association or authorized agent, no later than the time of pesticide application, shall leave the written notice specified in paragraph (1) in a conspicuous place in the separate interest or at the entrance of the separate interest in a manner in which a reasonable person would discover the notice.
(b)(5)(B)(iii)If any owner or, if applicable, any tenant of a separate interest or an owner or, if applicable, a tenant of an adjacent separate interest is also required to be notified pursuant to this subparagraph, the association or authorized agent shall provide that person with this notice as soon as practicable after the oral agreement is made authorizing immediate pesticide application, but in no case later than commencement of application of the pesticide.
(b)(6)A copy of a written notice provided pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be attached to the minutes of the board meeting immediately subsequent the application of the pesticide.
逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/4777.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。