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加州民法典 §§ 5205–5240

查阅协会记录

每一场有争议的选举都会走到这里。认为结果有误的会员会要求查阅记录，而他们能看到什么、多快能看到、以什么形式看到，由本节决定，而不是由业主协会（HOA）的董事会决定。在竞选期间谁能拿到会员名单，也由本节决定。

条文 民法典 §§ 5205, 5210, 5215, 5216, 5225, 5230, 5235, 5240 本节其他条文 § 5200 · § 5220 修订 § 5210: SB 410 (2025) · § 5230: SB 392 (2021) 条文核实 2026-11-03

与选举相关之处

民法典 § 5205 — 英文原文

Availability of Association Records for Inspection
Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180, Sec. 2. (AB 805) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 180.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)The association shall make available association records for the time periods and within the timeframes provided in Section 5210 for inspection and copying by a member of the association, or the member’s designated representative.
(b)A member of the association may designate another person to inspect and copy the specified association records on the member’s behalf. The member shall make this designation in writing.
(c)The association shall make the specified association records available for inspection and copying in the association’s business office within the common interest development.
(d)If the association does not have a business office within the development, the association shall make the specified association records available for inspection and copying at a place agreed to by the requesting member and the association.
(e)If the association and the requesting member cannot agree upon a place for inspection and copying pursuant to subdivision (d) or if the requesting member submits a written request directly to the association for copies of specifically identified records, the association may satisfy the requirement to make the association records available for inspection and copying by delivering copies of the specifically identified records to the member by individual delivery pursuant to Section 4040 within the timeframes set forth in subdivision (b) of Section 5210.
(f)The association may bill the requesting member for the direct and actual cost of copying and mailing requested documents. The association shall inform the member of the amount of the copying and mailing costs, and the member shall agree to pay those costs, before copying and sending the requested documents.
(g)In addition to the direct and actual costs of copying and mailing, the association may bill the requesting member an amount not in excess of ten dollars ($10) per hour, and not to exceed two hundred dollars ($200) total per written request, for the time actually and reasonably involved in redacting an enhanced association record. If the enhanced association record includes a reimbursement request, the person submitting the reimbursement request shall be solely responsible for removing all personal identification information from the request. The association shall inform the member of the estimated costs, and the member shall agree to pay those costs, before retrieving the requested documents.
(h)Requesting parties shall have the option of receiving specifically identified records by electronic transmission or machine-readable storage media as long as those records can be transmitted in a redacted format that does not allow the records to be altered. The cost of duplication shall be limited to the direct cost of producing the copy of a record in that electronic format. The association may deliver specifically identified records by electronic transmission or machine-readable storage media as long as those records can be transmitted in a redacted format that prevents the records from being altered.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5205.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5210 — 英文原文

Time Periods and Deadlines for Inspection
Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 516, Sec. 4. (SB 410) Effective January 1, 2026.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)Association records are subject to member inspection for the following time periods:
(a)(1)For the current fiscal year and for each of the previous two fiscal years.
(a)(2)Notwithstanding paragraph (1), minutes of member and board meetings are subject to inspection permanently. If a committee has decisionmaking authority, minutes of the meetings of that committee shall be made available commencing January 1, 2007, and shall thereafter be permanently subject to inspection.
(a)(3)Notwithstanding paragraph (1), all inspector’s reports compiled pursuant to Section 5551 shall be subject to inspection for the time period required by subdivision (i) of Section 5551.
(b)When a member properly requests access to association records, access to the requested records shall be granted within the following time periods:
(b)(1)Association records prepared during the current fiscal year, within 10 business days following the association’s receipt of the request.
(b)(2)Association records prepared during the previous two fiscal years, within 30 calendar days following the association’s receipt of the request.
(b)(3)Any record or statement available pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 4525) of Chapter 4, Article 7 (commencing with Section 5300), Section 5565, or Section 5810, within the timeframe specified therein.
(b)(4)Minutes of member and board meetings, within the timeframe specified in subdivision (a) of Section 4950.
(b)(5)Minutes of meetings of committees with decisionmaking authority for meetings commencing on or after January 1, 2007, within 15 calendar days following approval.
(b)(6)Membership list, within the timeframe specified in Section 8330 of the Corporations Code.
(c)There shall be no liability pursuant to this article for an association that fails to retain records for the periods specified in subdivision (a) that were created prior to January 1, 2006.

本条的历史版本

通过比较加州立法顾问办公室每个立法会期发布一次的法典版本整理而成。最早的是2013至2014年版，其中《戴维斯-斯特林法》已采用现行编号，因此修改从其后的版本起记录。这不只是存档问题：民法典第5145条给予会员一年时间质疑选举，适用的是选举举行当日的现行条文，而不是今天的条文。

  1. SB 4102026-01-01起生效

    Amended by Stats. 2025, Ch. 516, Sec. 4. (SB 410) Effective January 1, 2026.

    1处分项修改

    查看修改内容
    1. (a)(3)Notwithstanding paragraph (1), all inspector’s reports compiled pursuant to Section 5551 shall be subject to inspection for the time period required by subdivision (i) of Section 5551.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5210.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5215 — 英文原文

Information the Association May Withhold or Redact
Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180, Sec. 2. (AB 805) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 180.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)Except as provided in subdivision (b), the association may withhold or redact information from the association records if any of the following are true:
(a)(1)The release of the information is reasonably likely to lead to identity theft. For the purposes of this section, “identity theft” means the unauthorized use of another person’s personal identifying information to obtain credit, goods, services, money, or property. Examples of information that may be withheld or redacted pursuant to this paragraph include bank account numbers of members or vendors, social security or tax identification numbers, and check, stock, and credit card numbers.
(a)(2)The release of the information is reasonably likely to lead to fraud in connection with the association.
(a)(3)The information is privileged under law. Examples include documents subject to attorney-client privilege or relating to litigation in which the association is or may become involved, and confidential settlement agreements.
(a)(4)The release of the information is reasonably likely to compromise the privacy of an individual member of the association.
(a)(5)The information contains any of the following:
(a)(5)(A)Records of goods or services provided a la carte to individual members of the association for which the association received monetary consideration other than assessments.
(a)(5)(B)Records of disciplinary actions, collection activities, or payment plans of members other than the member requesting the records.
(a)(5)(C)Any person’s personal identification information, including, without limitation, social security number, tax identification number, driver’s license number, credit card account numbers, bank account number, and bank routing number.
(a)(5)(D)Minutes and other information from executive sessions of the board as described in Article 2 (commencing with Section 4900), except for executed contracts not otherwise privileged. Privileged contracts shall not include contracts for maintenance, management, or legal services.
(a)(5)(E)Personnel records other than the payroll records required to be provided under subdivision (b).
(a)(5)(F)Interior architectural plans, including security features, for individual homes.
(b)Except as provided by the attorney-client privilege, the association may not withhold or redact information concerning the compensation paid to employees, vendors, or contractors. Compensation information for individual employees shall be set forth by job classification or title, not by the employee’s name, social security number, or other personal information.
(c)No association, officer, director, employee, agent, or volunteer of an association shall be liable for damages to a member of the association or any third party as the result of identity theft or other breach of privacy because of the failure to withhold or redact that member’s information under this section unless the failure to withhold or redact the information was intentional, willful, or negligent.
(d)If requested by the requesting member, an association that denies or redacts records shall provide a written explanation specifying the legal basis for withholding or redacting the requested records.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5215.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5216 — 英文原文

Safe at Home Participants: Substitute Address and Redaction
Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 151, Sec. 2. (AB 611) Effective January 1, 2022.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)Notwithstanding any other law, upon request of a member of an association who is an active participant in the Safe at Home program, the association shall do both of the following:
(a)(1)Accept and use the address designated by the Secretary of State as the Safe at Home participant’s substitute address under the Safe at Home program for all association communications.
(a)(2)Withhold or redact information that would reveal the name, community property address, or email address of the Safe at Home participant from both of the following:
(a)(2)(A)All resident community membership lists, including mailbox bank listings, resident directories, electronic keypads, unit property numbers, and internet web portal accounts.
(a)(2)(B)Any membership list that will be shared with other members of the association.
(b)An association shall keep member participation in the Safe at Home program confidential.
(c)For purposes of this section:
(c)(1)“Community property address” means the address of the member’s property within the community governed by the association.
(c)(2)“Safe at Home participant” means a person certified as a program participant in the Safe at Home program.
(c)(3)“Safe at Home program” means the address confidentiality program established pursuant to Chapter 3.1 (commencing with Section 6205) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code.

本条的历史版本

通过比较加州立法顾问办公室每个立法会期发布一次的法典版本整理而成。最早的是2013至2014年版，其中《戴维斯-斯特林法》已采用现行编号，因此修改从其后的版本起记录。这不只是存档问题：民法典第5145条给予会员一年时间质疑选举，适用的是选举举行当日的现行条文，而不是今天的条文。

  1. AB 6112022-01-01起生效

    Added by Stats. 2021, Ch. 151, Sec. 2. (AB 611) Effective January 1, 2022.

    由该法案增订入法典。

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5216.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5225 — 英文原文

Stating the Purpose of a Membership List Request
Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180, Sec. 2. (AB 805) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 180.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

A member requesting the membership list shall state the purpose for which the list is requested which purpose shall be reasonably related to the requester’s interest as a member. If the association reasonably believes that the information in the list will be used for another purpose, it may deny the member access to the list. If the request is denied, in any subsequent action brought by the member under Section 5235, the association shall have the burden to prove that the member would have allowed use of the information for purposes unrelated to the member’s interest as a member.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5225.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5230 — 英文原文

Restrictions on the Use of Association Records
Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 640, Sec. 8. (SB 392) Effective January 1, 2022.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)The association records, and any information from them, may not be sold, used for a commercial purpose, or used for any other purpose not reasonably related to a member’s interest as a member. An association may bring an action against any person who violates this article for injunctive relief and for actual damages to the association caused by the violation.
(b)This article may not be construed to limit the right of an association to damages for misuse of information obtained from the association records pursuant to this article or to limit the right of an association to injunctive relief to stop the misuse of this information.
(c)(1)An association or its managing agent shall not do either of the following:
(c)(1)(A)Sell a member’s personal information for any purpose without the consent of the member.
(c)(1)(B)Transmit a member’s personal information to a third party without the consent of the member unless required to do so by law, including, but not limited to, Article 5 (commencing with Section 5200).
(c)(2)A member may bring an action against an association that violates this subdivision for injunctive relief and actual damages caused by the violation. A member shall be entitled to recover reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, in a successful action to enforce the member’s rights under this subdivision.
(d)An association shall be entitled to recover reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, in a successful action to enforce its rights under this article.

本条的历史版本

通过比较加州立法顾问办公室每个立法会期发布一次的法典版本整理而成。最早的是2013至2014年版，其中《戴维斯-斯特林法》已采用现行编号，因此修改从其后的版本起记录。这不只是存档问题：民法典第5145条给予会员一年时间质疑选举，适用的是选举举行当日的现行条文，而不是今天的条文。

  1. SB 3922022-01-01起生效

    Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 640, Sec. 8. (SB 392) Effective January 1, 2022.

    4处分项修改 · 1处重新编号

    查看修改内容
    1. (c)(1)An association or its managing agent shall not do either of the following:
    2. (c)(1)(A)Sell a member’s personal information for any purpose without the consent of the member.
    3. (c)(1)(B)Transmit a member’s personal information to a third party without the consent of the member unless required to do so by law, including, but not limited to, Article 5 (commencing with Section 5200).
    4. (c)(2)A member may bring an action against an association that violates this subdivision for injunctive relief and actual damages caused by the violation. A member shall be entitled to recover reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, in a successful action to enforce the member’s rights under this subdivision.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5230.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5235 — 英文原文

Member Action to Enforce Inspection Rights
Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180, Sec. 2. (AB 805) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 180.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)A member may bring an action to enforce that member’s right to inspect and copy the association records. If a court finds that the association unreasonably withheld access to the association records, the court shall award the member reasonable costs and expenses, including reasonable attorney’s fees, and may assess a civil penalty of up to five hundred dollars ($500) for the denial of each separate written request.
(b)A cause of action under this section may be brought in small claims court if the amount of the demand does not exceed the jurisdiction of that court.
(c)A prevailing association may recover any costs if the court finds the action to be frivolous, unreasonable, or without foundation.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5235.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

民法典 § 5240 — 英文原文

Relationship of This Article to the Corporations Code
Amended (as to be added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180) by Stats. 2013, Ch. 352, Sec. 54. (AB 1317) Effective September 26, 2013. Addition and amendment operative January 1, 2014, by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180, Sec. 3, and Stats. 2013, Ch. 352, Sec. 543.

条文以英文呈现，因为法律以英文颁布，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本页的说明为中文；如与条文有出入，以条文为准。

(a)As applied to an association and its members, the provisions of this article are intended to supersede the provisions of Sections 8330 and 8333 of the Corporations Code to the extent those sections are inconsistent.
(b)Except as provided in subdivision (a), members of the association shall have access to association records, including accounting books and records and membership lists, in accordance with Article 3 (commencing with Section 8330) of Chapter 13 of Part 3 of Division 2 of Title 1 of the Corporations Code.
(c)This article applies to any community service organization or similar entity that is related to the association, and to any nonprofit entity that provides services to a common interest development under a declaration of trust. This article shall operate to give a member of the organization or entity a right to inspect and copy the records of that organization or entity equivalent to that granted to association members by this article.
(d)This article shall not apply to any common interest development in which separate interests are being offered for sale by a subdivider under the authority of a public report issued by the Bureau of Real Estate so long as the subdivider or all subdividers offering those separate interests for sale, or any employees of those subdividers or any other person who receives direct or indirect compensation from any of those subdividers, comprise a majority of the directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this article shall apply to that common interest development no later than 10 years after the close of escrow for the first sale of a separate interest to a member of the general public pursuant to the public report issued for the first phase of the development.

来源不一致。 Subdivision (a) reads “the provisions of Sections 8330 and 8333 of the Corporations Code” in the Legislative Counsel's database and “Section 8330 and 8333” in California Public Law. The text here follows the official database. Everything else reads identically in both.

逐字转载自加州立法顾问办公室（Legislative Counsel）公布的条文，并与第二个来源逐字核对（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律属于政府法令，不受版权保护。本页为非官方转载——官方版本由立法顾问办公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公布，以该版本为准。
机器可读：/data/5240.json——同一条文，附分项锚点、日期和来源。

会员名单，以及对它的两项约束

要求获得会员名单的会员必须说明目的，而且该目的必须与申请人作为会员的利益合理相关——民法典第5225条。竞选董事就是这样的目的。

如果协会合理地相信这些资料会被用于其他目的，可以拒绝提供名单——但为这种拒绝辩护的代价很高。在随后依照第5235条提起的诉讼中，由协会承担举证责任，证明该会员原本会将名单用于与会员身份无关的目的。仅凭怀疑就拒绝向候选人提供名单的董事会，就承担起了证明这种怀疑的责任。

民法典第5230条进而限制了记录交出后可以如何使用：不得出售，不得用于商业目的，也不得用于与会员作为会员的利益没有合理关联的任何目的；协会可以对违反者提起诉讼，请求禁令救济和实际损害赔偿。

协会同样不得出售或转交会员的资料

由SB 392增订的第5230条(c)从另一个方向作出规定：未经同意，协会或其管理代理人（managing agent）不得出于任何目的出售会员的个人资料；除非法律要求，未经同意也不得将其传送给第三方。会员可以起诉请求禁令救济和实际损害赔偿，并获得诉讼费用和律师费。作为改用电子投票的一部分而把会员名册交给供应商的协会，在签约前应先读一读这一款，因为会员同意的是送达方式，而不是资料的转移。

会员还可以完全选择不出现在共享名单上

依照民法典第5220条，会员可以选择退出对其姓名、物业地址、电子邮件和邮寄地址的共享，该选择在更改之前一直有效。收到名单的候选人，收到的是去掉这些会员之后的名单——这是关于竞选的一个事实，而不是名单的错误；不说明这一点的协会，等于招来“扣留姓名”的投诉。

期限

民法典第5210条规定了记录必须保持可供查阅的时间，以及必须多快提供：大多数财务记录为本年度加上前两年；本年度的记录须在10个工作日内提供，以前年度的须在30个日历日内提供；会员名单和扩充协会记录（enhanced association records）另有规定的期限。对查阅请求的答复，按的是一个不由协会设定的时间表。

哪些可以不予提供

民法典第5215条列出了协会可以涂黑或不予提供的内容——这是一份封闭清单，而不是一个酌情判断的问题。其中包括会侵犯会员隐私的资料、人事记录、纪律处分、涉诉协议，以及法律禁止披露的资料。如果一份记录既有可披露的内容，也有可不予提供的内容，协会应当涂黑相关部分，而不是拒绝提供。

民法典第5216条增加了一项具体义务：对于参加加州州务卿（Secretary of State）“Safe at Home”地址保密计划的会员，协会在所有通讯中都使用指定的替代地址，并不予提供或涂黑会透露该会员姓名或所在位置的资料。这是一项绝对义务，也适用于选举邮件。

拒绝是有代价的，代价不大，但确定无疑

民法典第5235条赋予会员提起诉讼强制查阅的权利，胜诉的会员可获得诉讼费用和律师费，而且每一项被拒绝的单独书面请求，可处以最高500美元的民事罚款。就每项请求而言，这个数字并不大——但在选举期间拒绝向候选人提供会员名单的董事会，是在一项一项地拒绝请求，而律师费的负担只朝一个方向转移。

两者冲突时，本节优先于法人法

民法典第5240条规定，在适用于协会及其会员时，本节意在取代《加州公司法典》第8330条和第8333条中与之不一致的部分。所以，同时也是非营利法人的协会——大多数协会都是——在答复会员的记录查阅请求时，依据的是《戴维斯-斯特林法》，而不是法人法上的查阅权；向会员援引法人法规则的董事会，援引的是错误的法律。

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