加州 · 戴維斯-斯特林法
每個協會每年都必須提供的兩份報告。
一份年度預算報告和一份年度政策聲明，兩者在同一時間窗口內送達，兩者都優先於管理文件中任何相反的規定。會員正是在第二份文件中得知自己的通知會寄往何處——包括那些決定選舉的通知。
節 民法典 §§ 5300–5320
章 第6章，協會治理 · 第7節
條文 4
條文核實 2026-11-03
一個時間窗口，兩份報告
《加州民法典》第5300條(a)和第5310條(a)用同樣的措辭規定了同樣的期限：財政年度結束前30至90天。這是一個時間窗口，而不是截止日期——太早和太遲同樣違法——而且第5300條以“即使管理文件中有相反規定”開頭，所以章程另定日期也改變不了它。
第三份報告按自己的時間表進行。民法典第5305條規定，任何總收入超過75,000美元的財政年度，都須由加州會計委員會（California Board of Accountancy）持照人依照公認會計原則對財務報表進行審閱——在年度結束後120天內以個別送達方式提供。
年度政策聲明為什麼關係到選舉
年度政策聲明通常被當作一項合規雜務。但它十二項內容中有五項，正是此後每次選舉賴以運行的通知機制：
所以這份聲明不只是提供資料——它是一份長期有效的邀請，會員據此設定其他一切文件送達何處。發出了這份聲明、卻在選民名冊中只為每位會員保留一個地址的業主協會（HOA），是自己製造了這個矛盾。
完整報告，或說明如何索取完整報告的摘要
民法典第5320條允許以摘要代替完整文件——但有一項條件，其中還包含排版要求。摘要必須在第一頁載明內容的概括說明以及免費索取完整報告的方法，並以不小於10磅的粗體字印出。法條很少規定字體大小；一旦規定，是因為起草者預料到這項通知會被埋沒。
而(b)款規定：已要求收到所有完整報告的會員，收到的是完整報告，而不是摘要。這是會員可以作出的第二項長期有效的選擇，須按會員逐一記錄，與上面的地址選擇以及書面請求（必須以書面形式提出才生效）並列。
預算報告中沒人讀的內容
民法典第5300條(b)列有十二項內容，其中兩項是對協會自身不利的陳述：董事會是否已決定推遲維修剩餘壽命為30年或以下的任何主要構件，以及是否預計徵收特別會費來為儲備金籌資。(d)款接著規定，儲備金摘要不得被採納為證明財務管理不當的證據——披露是強制的，而它作為證據的用途在同一句話裡就受到了限制。
民法典 § 5300 — 英文原文
The Annual Budget Report — Contents and Timing
Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 127, Sec. 4. (AB 690) Effective January 1, 2018.
條文以英文呈現，因為法律以英文頒佈，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本頁的說明為中文；如與條文有出入，以條文為準。
(a)Notwithstanding a contrary provision in the governing documents, an association shall distribute an annual budget report 30 to 90 days before the end of its fiscal year.
(b)Unless the governing documents impose more stringent standards, the annual budget report shall include all of the following information:
(b)(1)A pro forma operating budget, showing the estimated revenue and expenses on an accrual basis.
(b)(2)A summary of the association’s reserves, prepared pursuant to Section 5565.
(b)(3)A summary of the reserve funding plan adopted by the board, as specified in paragraph (5) of subdivision (b) of Section 5550. The summary shall include notice to members that the full reserve study plan is available upon request, and the association shall provide the full reserve plan to any member upon request.
(b)(4)A statement as to whether the board has determined to defer or not undertake repairs or replacement of any major component with a remaining life of 30 years or less, including a justification for the deferral or decision not to undertake the repairs or replacement.
(b)(5)A statement as to whether the board, consistent with the reserve funding plan adopted pursuant to Section 5560, has determined or anticipates that the levy of one or more special assessments will be required to repair, replace, or restore any major component or to provide adequate reserves therefor. If so, the statement shall also set out the estimated amount, commencement date, and duration of the assessment.
(b)(6)A statement as to the mechanism or mechanisms by which the board will fund reserves to repair or replace major components, including assessments, borrowing, use of other assets, deferral of selected replacements or repairs, or alternative mechanisms.
(b)(7)A general statement addressing the procedures used for the calculation and establishment of those reserves to defray the future repair, replacement, or additions to those major components that the association is obligated to maintain. The statement shall include, but need not be limited to, reserve calculations made using the formula described in paragraph (4) of subdivision (b) of Section 5570, and may not assume a rate of return on cash reserves in excess of 2 percent above the discount rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco at the time the calculation was made.
(b)(8)A statement as to whether the association has any outstanding loans with an original term of more than one year, including the payee, interest rate, amount outstanding, annual payment, and when the loan is scheduled to be retired.
(b)(9)A summary of the association’s property, general liability, earthquake, flood, and fidelity insurance policies. For each policy, the summary shall include the name of the insurer, the type of insurance, the policy limit, and the amount of the deductible, if any. To the extent that any of the required information is specified in the insurance policy declaration page, the association may meet its obligation to disclose that information by making copies of that page and distributing it with the annual budget report. The summary distributed pursuant to this paragraph shall contain, in at least 10-point boldface type, the following statement: “This summary of the association’s policies of insurance provides only certain information, as required by Section 5300 of the Civil Code, and should not be considered a substitute for the complete policy terms and conditions contained in the actual policies of insurance. Any association member may, upon request and provision of reasonable notice, review the association’s insurance policies and, upon request and payment of reasonable duplication charges, obtain copies of those policies. Although the association maintains the policies of insurance specified in this summary, the association’s policies of insurance may not cover your property, including personal property or real property improvements to or around your dwelling, or personal injuries or other losses that occur within or around your dwelling. Even if a loss is covered, you may nevertheless be responsible for paying all or a portion of any deductible that applies. Association members should consult with their individual insurance broker or agent for appropriate additional coverage.”
(b)(10)When the common interest development is a condominium project, a statement describing the status of the common interest development as a Federal Housing Administration (FHA)-approved condominium project pursuant to FHA guidelines, including whether the common interest development is an FHA-approved condominium project. The statement shall be in at least 10-point font on a separate piece of paper and in the following form: “Certification by the Federal Housing Administration may provide benefits to members of an association, including an improvement in an owner’s ability to refinance a mortgage or obtain secondary financing and an increase in the pool of potential buyers of the separate interest. This common interest development [is/is not (circle one)] a condominium project. The association of this common interest development [is/is not (circle one)] certified by the Federal Housing Administration.”
(b)(11)When the common interest development is a condominium project, a statement describing the status of the common interest development as a federal Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)-approved condominium project pursuant to VA guidelines, including whether the common interest development is a VA-approved condominium project. The statement shall be in at least 10-point font on a separate piece of paper and in the following form: “Certification by the federal Department of Veterans Affairs may provide benefits to members of an association, including an improvement in an owner’s ability to refinance a mortgage or obtain secondary financing and an increase in the pool of potential buyers of the separate interest. This common interest development [is/is not (circle one)] a condominium project. The association of this common interest development [is/is not (circle one)] certified by the federal Department of Veterans Affairs.”
(b)(12)A copy of the completed “Charges For Documents Provided” disclosure identified in Section 4528. For purposes of this section, “completed” means that the “Fee for Document” section of the form individually identifies the costs associated with providing each document listed on the form.
(c)The annual budget report shall be made available to the members pursuant to Section 5320.
(d)The summary of the association’s reserves disclosed pursuant to paragraph (2) of subdivision (b) shall not be admissible in evidence to show improper financial management of an association, provided that other relevant and competent evidence of the financial condition of the association is not made inadmissible by this provision.
(e)The Assessment and Reserve Funding Disclosure Summary form, prepared pursuant to Section 5570, shall accompany each annual budget report or summary of the annual budget report that is delivered pursuant to this article.
本條的歷史版本
通過比較加州立法顧問辦公室每個立法會期發佈一次的法典版本整理而成。最早的是2013至2014年版，其中《戴維斯-斯特林法》已採用現行編號，因此修改從其後的版本起記錄。這不只是存檔問題：民法典第5145條給予會員一年時間質疑選舉，適用的是選舉舉行當日的現行條文，而不是今天的條文。
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AB 6902018-01-01起生效
Amended by Stats. 2017, Ch. 127, Sec. 4. (AB 690) Effective January 1, 2018.
5處分項修改
查看修改內容
- (b)(3)A summary of the reserve funding plan adopted by the board, as specified in paragraph (5) of subdivision (b) of Section 5550. The summary shall include notice to members that the full reserve study plan is available upon request, and the association shall provide the full reserve plan to any member upon request.
- (b)(10)When the common interest development is a condominium project, a statement describing the status of the common interest development as a Federal Housing Administration (FHA)-approved condominium project pursuant to FHA guidelines, including whether the common interest development is an FHA-approved condominium project. The statement shall be in at least 10-point font on a separate piece of paper and in the following form: “Certification by the Federal Housing Administration may provide …
- (b)(11)When the common interest development is a condominium project, a statement describing the status of the common interest development as a federal Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)-approved condominium project pursuant to VA guidelines, including whether the common interest development is a VA-approved condominium project. The statement shall be in at least 10-point font on a separate piece of paper and in the following form: “Certification by the federal Department of …
- (b)(12)A copy of the completed “Charges For Documents Provided” disclosure identified in Section 4528. For purposes of this section, “completed” means that the “Fee for Document” section of the form individually identifies the costs associated with providing each document listed on the form.
- (f)
This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2016, and, as of January 1, 2017, is repealed, unless a later enacted statute, that becomes operative on or before January 1, 2017, deletes or extends the dates on which it becomes inoperative and is repealed.
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AB 5962016-01-01起生效
Amended by Stats. 2015, Ch. 184, Sec. 1. Effective January 1, 2016. Inoperative July 1, 2016. Repealed as of January 1, 2017, by its own provisions. See later operative version added by Sec. 2 of Stats. 2015, Ch. 184.
2處分項修改
查看修改內容
- (b)(3)A summary of the reserve funding plan adopted by the board, as specified in paragraph
(5) of subdivision (b) of Section 5550. The summary shall include notice to members that the full reserve study plan is available upon request, and the association shall provide the full reserve plan to any member upon request.
- (f)This section shall become inoperative on July 1, 2016, and, as of January 1, 2017, is repealed, unless a later enacted statute, that becomes operative on or before January 1, 2017, deletes or extends the dates on which it becomes inoperative and is repealed.
逐字轉載自加州立法顧問辦公室（Legislative Counsel）公佈的條文，並與第二個來源逐字核對（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律屬於政府法令，不受版權保護。本頁為非官方轉載——官方版本由立法顧問辦公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公佈，以該版本為準。
機器可讀：/data/5300.json——同一條文，附分項錨點、日期和來源。
民法典 § 5305 — 英文原文
Review of the Financial Statement Above $75,000 Gross Income
Added by Stats. 2012, Ch. 180, Sec. 2. (AB 805) Effective January 1, 2013. Operative January 1, 2014, by Sec. 3 of Ch. 180.
條文以英文呈現，因為法律以英文頒佈，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本頁的說明為中文；如與條文有出入，以條文為準。
Unless the governing documents impose more stringent standards, a review of the financial statement of the association shall be prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles by a licensee of the California Board of Accountancy for any fiscal year in which the gross income to the association exceeds seventy-five thousand dollars ($75,000). A copy of the review of the financial statement shall be distributed to the members within 120 days after the close of each fiscal year, by individual delivery pursuant to Section 4040.
逐字轉載自加州立法顧問辦公室（Legislative Counsel）公佈的條文，並與第二個來源逐字核對（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律屬於政府法令，不受版權保護。本頁為非官方轉載——官方版本由立法顧問辦公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公佈，以該版本為準。
機器可讀：/data/5305.json——同一條文，附分項錨點、日期和來源。
民法典 § 5310 — 英文原文
The Annual Policy Statement — Contents and Timing
Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 640, Sec. 10. (SB 392) Effective January 1, 2022.
條文以英文呈現，因為法律以英文頒佈，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本頁的說明為中文；如與條文有出入，以條文為準。
(a)Within 30 to 90 days before the end of its fiscal year, the board shall distribute an annual policy statement that provides the members with information about association policies. The annual policy statement shall include all of the following information:
(a)(1)The name and address of the person designated to receive official communications to the association, pursuant to Section 4035.
(a)(2)A statement explaining that a member may submit a request to have notices sent to up to two different specified addresses, pursuant to Section 4040.
(a)(3)The location, if any, designated for posting of a general notice, pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 4045.
(a)(4)Notice of a member’s option to receive general notices by individual delivery, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 4045.
(a)(5)Notice of a member’s right to receive copies of meeting minutes, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 4950.
(a)(6)The statement of assessment collection policies required by Section 5730.
(a)(7)A statement describing the association’s policies and practices in enforcing lien rights or other legal remedies for default in the payment of assessments.
(a)(8)A statement describing the association’s discipline policy, if any, including any schedule of penalties for violations of the governing documents pursuant to Section 5850.
(a)(9)A summary of dispute resolution procedures, pursuant to Sections 5920 and 5965.
(a)(10)A summary of any requirements for association approval of a physical change to property, pursuant to Section 4765.
(a)(11)The mailing address for overnight payment of assessments, pursuant to Section 5655.
(a)(12)Any other information that is required by law or the governing documents or that the board determines to be appropriate for inclusion.
(b)The annual policy statement shall be made available to the members pursuant to Section 5320.
來源不一致。 Text taken verbatim from the Legislative Counsel of California official code database and checked word for word against an independent publisher. The two sources disagree on one word: the official database reads “Sections 5920 and 5965” where california.public.law reads “Section”. The plural is what the Legislative Counsel publishes and is what the citation list requires. The same substitution appears at §§ 4210, 5310, 5350 and 5375 — in every case immediately before a list of two or more section numbers, and nowhere else, which is where the second source's own citation-linking rewrites the word.
本條的歷史版本
通過比較加州立法顧問辦公室每個立法會期發佈一次的法典版本整理而成。最早的是2013至2014年版，其中《戴維斯-斯特林法》已採用現行編號，因此修改從其後的版本起記錄。這不只是存檔問題：民法典第5145條給予會員一年時間質疑選舉，適用的是選舉舉行當日的現行條文，而不是今天的條文。
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SB 3922022-01-01起生效
Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 640, Sec. 10. (SB 392) Effective January 1, 2022.
2處分項修改
查看修改內容
- (a)(2)… to two different specified addresses, pursuant to
subdivision (b) of Section 4040.
- (a)(3)The location, if any, designated for posting of a general notice, pursuant to
paragraph (3) of subdivision (a) of Section 4045.
逐字轉載自加州立法顧問辦公室（Legislative Counsel）公佈的條文，並與第二個來源逐字核對（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律屬於政府法令，不受版權保護。本頁為非官方轉載——官方版本由立法顧問辦公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公佈，以該版本為準。
機器可讀：/data/5310.json——同一條文，附分項錨點、日期和來源。
民法典 § 5320 — 英文原文
Delivering a Report in Full or in Summary
Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 640, Sec. 11. (SB 392) Effective January 1, 2022.
條文以英文呈現，因為法律以英文頒佈，具有法律效力的是英文版本。本頁的說明為中文；如與條文有出入，以條文為準。
(a)When a report is prepared pursuant to Section 5300 or 5310, the association shall deliver one of the following documents to all members by individual delivery pursuant to Section 4040:
(a)(2)A summary of the report that includes, on the first page, a general description of the content of the report and instructions, printed in at least 10-point boldface type, regarding how to request a complete copy of the report at no cost to the member.
(b)Notwithstanding subdivision (a), if a member has requested to receive all reports in full, the association shall deliver the full report to that member, rather than a summary of the report.
本條的歷史版本
通過比較加州立法顧問辦公室每個立法會期發佈一次的法典版本整理而成。最早的是2013至2014年版，其中《戴維斯-斯特林法》已採用現行編號，因此修改從其後的版本起記錄。這不只是存檔問題：民法典第5145條給予會員一年時間質疑選舉，適用的是選舉舉行當日的現行條文，而不是今天的條文。
-
SB 3922022-01-01起生效
Amended by Stats. 2021, Ch. 640, Sec. 11. (SB 392) Effective January 1, 2022.
2處分項修改
查看修改內容
- (a)… one of the following documents to all
members, members by individual delivery pursuant to Section 4040:
- (a)(2)A summary of the
report. The summary shall include report that includes, on the first page, a general description of the content of the report. Instructions on report and instructions, printed in at least 10-point boldface type, regarding how to request a complete copy of the report at no cost to the member shall be printed in at least 10-point boldface type on the first page of the summary. member.
逐字轉載自加州立法顧問辦公室（Legislative Counsel）公佈的條文，並與第二個來源逐字核對（leginfo (Legislative Counsel official bulk code database, LAW_SECTION_TBL) · California Public Law (Public.Law)）。加州法律屬於政府法令，不受版權保護。本頁為非官方轉載——官方版本由立法顧問辦公室在leginfo.legislature.ca.gov公佈，以該版本為準。
機器可讀：/data/5320.json——同一條文，附分項錨點、日期和來源。